Spring force calculator
Calculate the force (load) a compression spring exerts and the maximum safe load before the material yields.
Formula
Simboli
Esempio calcolato
Calcolato dallo stesso motore del calcolatore sopra, con i valori iniziali del modulo.
Force is rate times deflection (F = k·x). Use the designer to simulate specific operating points and see the stress margin.
The calculator also reports solid height and maximum safe deflection, with the Wahl correction applied to the shear stress.
If you know the required force and travel instead, use the required rate calculator to find out which spring to look for.
Regolazione rapida: più o meno forza
- Filo più spesso
- Diametro esterno minore
- Meno spire attive
- Filo più sottile
- Diametro esterno maggiore
- Più spire attive
Come misurare la molla
- Measure the wire diameter (d) with calipers or a micrometer, away from the ends.
- Measure the outer diameter (OD) across the coils. The mean diameter is OD minus d.
- Measure the free length (FL) with no load, end to end.
- Count the total number of coils. Closed and ground ends reduce the active coil count.
- Identify the end type: closed and ground, closed, double closed or open.
Moduli e densità dei materiali
| Materiale | Modulo di taglio G | Modulo elastico E | Densità |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acciaio al carbonio (MW) | 11.5 × 10⁶ psi (79.3 GPa) | 29.5 × 10⁶ psi (203.4 GPa) | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Inox 302 (SS302) | 10.0 × 10⁶ psi (69.0 GPa) | 28.0 × 10⁶ psi (193.0 GPa) | 7.90 g/cm³ |
| Inox 17-7 PH (SS177) | 11.0 × 10⁶ psi (75.8 GPa) | 29.4 × 10⁶ psi (203.0 GPa) | 7.81 g/cm³ |
| Inox 316 (SS316) | 10.0 × 10⁶ psi (69.0 GPa) | 28.0 × 10⁶ psi (193.0 GPa) | 7.98 g/cm³ |
| Temprato in olio (OT) | 11.2 × 10⁶ psi (77.2 GPa) | 29.5 × 10⁶ psi (203.4 GPa) | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Cromo-silicio (CS) | 11.2 × 10⁶ psi (77.2 GPa) | 29.5 × 10⁶ psi (203.4 GPa) | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Trafilato duro (HD) | 11.5 × 10⁶ psi (79.3 GPa) | 29.5 × 10⁶ psi (203.4 GPa) | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Bronzo fosforoso (PB) | 6.0 × 10⁶ psi (41.4 GPa) | 14.9 × 10⁶ psi (103.0 GPa) | 8.86 g/cm³ |
| Rame berillio (BC) | 7.0 × 10⁶ psi (48.3 GPa) | 18.6 × 10⁶ psi (128.0 GPa) | 8.25 g/cm³ |
| Cromo-vanadio (CV) | 11.2 × 10⁶ psi (77.2 GPa) | 29.5 × 10⁶ psi (203.4 GPa) | 7.85 g/cm³ |
Domande frequenti
What is the formula for spring force?
F = k·x (Hooke's law): force equals the spring rate times the deflection. A 45 lbf/in spring compressed 0.5 in exerts 22.5 lbf.
What limits the maximum load of a spring?
The shear stress in the wire, corrected by the Wahl factor, compared with the material's allowable stress. Exceeding it causes permanent set (the spring loses free length).
Does force stop growing at solid height?
No: at solid height the spring becomes a rigid tube and force rises abruptly. Running into solid damages the spring and the mechanism, so keep design clearance.
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